星期四, 4月 14, 2011

更多字根例字 -- 字根 (2)

下面列出常見的字根,希望可以給朋友們一些幫助。


a, an-- not, without  不;無
(1) atypical-- not typical  非典型的      (2) anonymous-- without + name + adj.  匿名的      
 
ambi, amphi-- both, around  兩者;周圍
(1) amphibian-- both + life + n.  兩棲類動物  (2) ambitious-- around + to go + adj.  有野心的
 
ann, enn-- year  年
(1) annals-- year + n.  年鑑          (2) millennium-- thousand + year + n.  千禧年
 
ante-- before  在 ~ 之前
(1) anteroom-- before + room  前廳;接待室       (2) anterior-- before + 比較級   較早的
 
anthrop-- human  人類
(1) anthropology-- human + study of  人類學
 
anti-- against, opposite  反對;相反
(1) antibiotic-- against + life + n., adj.  抗生素        (2) antidote-- against + to give  解毒劑
 
auto-- self  自己
(1) automatic-- self + willing + adj.  自動的
 
bene-- good, well  好
(1) beneficial-- good + to do + adj.  有益的         (2) benefactor-- good + to do + n.  捐助者
 
bi-- two  二
(1) biped-- two + foot  兩足動物       (2) bilingual-- two + language + adj.  會說兩種語言的
 
bio-- life  生命
(1) biology-- life + study of  生物學   (2) biography-- life + to write + n.  傳記
 
chron-- time  時間
(1) chronic-- time + adj.  慢性疾病的;習慣性的   (2) chronicle-- time + adj. + n.  編年史
 
circum-- around  環繞
(1) circumstance-- around + to stand + n.  環境               (2) circumference-- around + to carry
 + n.  圓周
 
com, con, col, cor-- together, with  共同;一起
(1) companion-- together + bread + n.  同伴   (2) consensus-- together + to feel + n.  意見一致
 
cred-- to believe  相信
(1) credible-- to believe + adj.  可信的    (2) incredible-- not + to believe + adj.  無法相信的
 
dem-- people  人們
(1) democracy-- people + to rule + n.  民主  (2) epidemic-- upon + people + n. 流行性傳染病
 
dict-- to speak  說話
(1) diction-- to speak + n.  措辭;發音           (2) predict-- before + to speak  預言
 
equ-- equal  相等的;平靜的
(1) equation-- equal + v. + n.  等式;方程式         (2) equanimity-- equal + mind + n.  鎮定
 
eu-- good, well  好
(1) eulogize-- good + speech + v.  頌揚             (2) euphony-- good + sound + n.  悅耳之音
 
ex, es, e-- out  向外
(1) escape-- out + cape  逃走                       (2) emigrate-- out + to move  移居
 
fid-- to trust, faith  信任;信心
(1) confident-- wholly + to trust + adj.  自信的            (2) fidelity-- faith + n.  忠貞
 
gen-- race, birth  種族;出生
(1) generation-- birth + n.  同世代的人              (2) genealogy--  race + study of  家譜
 
graph, gram-- to write  寫
(1) autograph-- self + to write  親筆簽名       (2) graphic-- to write + adj.  生動的;圖表的
 
log-- speech, word  言語;字
(1) dialogue-- between + speech  對話                  (2) Decalogue-- ten + word  十誡
 
logy-- study of  ~ 學
(1) psychology-- mind + study of  心理學             (2) astrology-- star + study of  占星學
 
loqu, loc-- to speak  說
(1) loquacious-- to speak + adj.  好辯的     (2) soliloquy-- alone + to speak + n.  自言自語  
 
mal-- bad  不好的
(1) malice-- bad + n.  惡意            (2) malaria-- bad + air  瘧疾
 
meter, metr-- measure  測量
(1) geometry-- earth + measure + n.  幾何學       (2) kilometer-- thousand + measure  公里
 
mono-- one  一
(1) monotone-- one + tone  單調的             (2) monotheism-- one + god + n.  一神論
 
morph-- form  形成
(1) morphine-- form + given names  嗎啡           (2) morphology-- form + study of  形態學
 
pan-- all  全部
(1) panorama-- all + view  全景                (2) pantheism-- all + god + n.  多神教
 
path-- feeling, suffering  感情;痛苦
(1) sympathy-- together + feeling + n.  同情     (2) antipathy-- against + feeling + n.  反感
 
ped-- foot  腳
(1) centipede-- hundred + foot  蜈蚣            (2) expedition-- out + foot + n.  遠征;探險
 
phil-- to love  愛
(1) philosophy-- to love + wisdom + n.  哲學  (2) philanthropist-- to love + human + n.  慈善家
 
phobia-- fear  恐懼
(1) acrophobia-- topmost + fear  懼高症     (2) hydrophobia-- water + fear  狂犬病;恐水病
 
phon-- sound  聲音
(1) symphony-- together + sound  交響樂         (2) microphone-- small + sound  擴音器
 
post-- after  在 ~ 之後
(1) postscript-- after + to write  附註                    (2) postpone-- after + to put  延期
 
pre-- before  在 ~ 之前
(1) prejudice-- before + judge  偏見                     (2) precedent-- before + to go  前例
 
pro-- forward, before, for, forth  向前;支持
(1) promotion-- forward + to move + n.  陞遷      (2) provide-- before + to see  預備;供應
 
re-- back, again 向後的;再
(1) revive-- again + to live  復活                  (2) reflect-- back + bend  反射
 
scrib, script-- to write  寫
(1) describe-- down + to write  描寫         (2) manuscript-- hand + to write  原稿;手稿
 
sed, sid-- to sit  坐
(1) president-- before + to sit + n.  董事長           (2) sedentary-- sit + adj. + adj.  久坐的
 
spec, spic, spect-- to look  看
(1) inspect-- into + to look  視察                          (2) respect-- again + to look  尊敬
 
sub-- under  在 ~ 之下
(1) subsistence-- under + stand + n.  生計
 
super-- above, over  在 ~ 之上
(1) supervisor-- above +  see + person  監督者   (2) superstition-- above + to stand + n.  迷信
 
syn, sym, syl-- together, with  一起
(1) symbol-- together + to throw  象徵              (2) syndrome-- together + to run  症候群
 
tele-- far  遠
(1) telephone-- far + sound  電話                      (2) television-- far + to see + n.  電視
 
tort-- to twist  扭曲
(1) retort-- back + to twist  反駁                          (2) torture-- twist + n.  折磨
 
ver-- true  真實的
(1) verify-- true + v.  查證                             (2) very-- truly   很;全然地
 
vert, vers-- to turn  轉移;改變
(1) advertise-- to + to turn + v.  宣傳                (2) universe-- one + to turn  宇宙
 
voc-- to call, voice  召集;聲音
(1) vocation-- to call + n.  職業                               (2) evoke-- out + to call  喚起
 
 
ac, acr-- sharp, sour  銳利的;酸
(1) acrid-- 辛辣的;難聞的                            (2) acuity-- sharp + n.  尖銳
 
acro-- topmost, high  最高的
(1) acrobat-- 特技演員
 
alg-- pain  痛苦
(1) analgesic-- 止痛藥                               (2) neuralgia-- nerve + pain  神經痛
 
aqua-- water  水
(1) aquarium-- water + place  水族館                 (2) aquatic-- water + adj.  水生的   
 
arch-- ruler (first in power) , ancient (first in time)  首領;古代
(1) anarchy-- not + ruler  無政府狀態         (2) archaeology-- ancient + study of  考古學
 
aster, astr-- star  星星
(1) astronomy-- star + law  天文學   
 
audi-- to hear  聽
(1) audience-- to hear + n.  聽眾
 
avi-- bird  鳥
(1) aviator-- bird + person  飛行員                      (2) aviation-- bird + n.  航空學
 
bel-- war  戰爭
(1) rebel-- again + war  反叛     
 
bibl-- book  書
(1) bibliography-- 書目                             (2) Bible-- 聖經
 
cap-- to take  捕捉
(1) capture-- take + n.  俘擄
 
capit-- head  頭
(1) capital-- head + adj.  首府                        (2) captain-- 隊長
 
cede, ceed, cess-- to go  離開
(1) proceed-- before + to go  前進                 (2) intercede-- between + to go  從中調停
 
cent-- hundred  百
(1) centimeter-- hundred + measure  公分                 (2) percent-- by + hundred  每一百
 
chrom-- color  ?色
(1) chromosome-- color + body  染色體     (2) monochromatic-- one + color + adj.  單色的
 
cid, cis-- to kill, to cut  殺;切
(1) decide-- off + to cut  決心                     (2) suicide-- self + to kill  自殺
 
clud, clus, claus, close-- to close, to shut  關閉
(1) closet-- close + small  小櫃子                      (2) include-- in + to shut  包括
 
contra, counter-- against  反對;逆
(1) contrast-- against + to stand  對照            (2) counterfeit-- against + to make  偽造品
 
corp-- body  身體
(1) corporation-- body + n.  公司                     (2) corpse-- 屍體
 
cosm-- universe, order  宇宙;次序
(1) cosmetic--  化粧品                (2) microcosm-- small + universe  小宇宙;縮圖
 
crypt-- hidden  ?藏的
(1) cryptic-- hidden + adj.  神祕的                 (2) cryptogram-- hidden + to write  密碼
 
culp-- blame  譴責
(1) clupable-- blame + adj.  應受譴責的                (2) culprit-- 犯罪者
 
cur-- care, to run  小心;流通
(1) secure-- without + care  無慮的;安全的        (2) concur-- together + run  同時發生
 
cycl-- circle  圓圈;週期
(1) bicycle-- two + circle  腳踏車        (2) encyclopedia-- in + circle + education  百科全書
 
derm-- skin  皮
(1) epidermis-- upon + skin  表皮            (2) dermatitis-- skin + inflammation  皮膚炎
 
dia-- through, between  通過;在 ~ 之間
(1) diagnosis-- through + to know  診斷             (2) diameter-- through + measure  直徑
 
dis, di, dif-- not, away  否定;離開
(1) divert-- away + to turn  轉向                     (2) discredit-- not + to believe  懷疑
 
duc-- to lead  引導
(1) conductor-- together + to lead + person  領導者   (2) introduce-- within + to lead  介紹
 
dur-- hard, lasting  堅硬的;持久的
(1) durable-- lasting + adj.  持久的               (2) obdurate-- against + hard + adj.  頑固的
 
dyn, dynam-- power  力量
(1) dynamite-- 炸藥                   (2) dynasty-- 朝代
 
epi-- on, upon  在 ~ 之上
(1) episode-- upon + coming in  插曲                         (2) epitaph-- upon + tomb  墓誌銘
 
erg, urg-- work  工作
(1) energy-- 精力充沛的                            (2) metallurgy-- metal + work + n.  冶金術
 
fac, fic-- to make, to do  做
(1) factory-- 工廠                              (2) manufacture-- hand + to make + v.  製造
 
fer-- to carry, to bear  傳送;負荷
(1) conifer-- cone + to bear  針葉樹                  (2) transfer-- across + to carry  遷移
 
fin-- end, bound  結束;範圍
(1) define-- down + bound  定義                     (2) final-- end + adj.  最後的
 
fort-- strong  強壯的
(1) comfort-- completely + strong  安慰                       (2) fortress-- 堡壘
 
frag, fract-- to break  打破
(1) fraction-- to break + n.  碎片                     (2) fragile-- to break + able  易碎的
 
geo-- earth  地球;土地
(1) geology-- earth + study of  地質學           (2) geography-- earth + to write  地理學
 
gnos-- to know  知道
(1) prognosis-- before + to know  病狀之預斷
 
greg-- flock, herd  群
(1) segregate-- apart + flock + v.  隔離
 
hetero-- different  不同的
(1) heterodox-- different + opinion-- 非正統的
 
homo-- human, same  人類;相同的
(1) homicide-- human + to kill  殺人    (2) homonym-- same + name  同音異字;同名之人
 
hydr-- water  水
(1) hydrogen-- water + birth  氫               (2) dehydrate-- from + water + v.  使脫水
 
hyper-- over  在 ~ 之上
(1) hyperbole-- over + to throw  誇大法 
 
hypo-- under  在 ~ 之下
(1) hypothesis-- under + to put  假設
 
in, im, il, ir-- in, into, not  在 ~ 之內;成為;不
(1) innate-- in + to be born  天生的      (2) intangible-- not + to touch + adj.  不可觸摸的
 
inter-- between, among  在 ~ 之間
(1) international-- 國際的               (2) intercept-- between + to take  中途阻止或攔截
 
intro, intra-- within  在 ~ 之內
(1) introspective-- within + to look + adj.  內省的  
 
iso-- equal  相等的
(1) isobar-- 等壓線             (2) isotherm-- equal + heat  等溫線
 
lith-- stone  石頭
(1) neolithic-- new + stone + adj.  新石器時代的
 
magn-- great  大的
(1) magnificent-- great + to make + adj.  壯麗的
 
manu-- hand  手
(1) manage-- hand + v.  控制                   (2) manual-- hand + adj.  手工的
 
mar-- sea  海
(1) submarine-- under + sea + n.  潛水艇   
 
micro-- small  小的
(1) microscope-- small + to see  顯微鏡                        (2) microwave-- 微波
 
mit, mis-- to send  傳達
(1) transmission-- across + to send + n.  傳播
 
mort-- death  死亡
(1) mortuary-- death + place  太平間 
 
neo-- new   新的
(1) neophyte-- new + plant  新加入者            (2) neologism-- new + word + n.  新創的字
 
nom-- law  法律
(1) economy-- home + law  節儉
 
omni-- all  全部
(1) omnipotent-- all + able + adj.  全能的
 
onym-- name  名字
(1) antonym-- opposite + name  反義字             (2) synonym-- together + name  同義字
 
ortho-- straight  直的
(1) orthodox-- straight + opinion  傳統的   (2) orthopedics-- straight + child + n.  整形外科
 
para-- deside  在 ~ 之旁
(1) paradox-- beside + opinion  似非而是的諺語      (2) parable-- beside + to throw  比喻
 
ped-- child  小孩
(1) pedagogy-- child + leader  教學法
 
pend, pens-- to hang, to weight  掛;稱
(1) pendant-- to hang + n.  墜子  
 
per-- through  經由
(1) pervade-- through + to go  瀰漫
 
phot-- light  光
(1) photography-- light + to write  攝影
 
plac-- to please  取悅
(1) complacent-- with + to please + adj.  得意的
 
poli-- city  城市
(1) metropolis-- mother + city  首府
 
poly-- many  許多
(1) polygon-- many + angle  多角形
 
port-- to carry  攜帶
(1) export-- out + to carry  出口                     (2) support-- under + to carry  支持
 
proto-- first  最先
(1) prototype-- 原型                     (2) protozoa-- first + animal  原生動物
 
pseud-- false  假的
(1) pseudoclassic-- 擬古典的
 
psych-- soul, mind  靈魂;心智
(1) psychosis-- mind + n.  精神病
 
pyr-- fire  火
(1) pyromaniac-- 縱火狂
 
sat-- enough  足夠
(1) satisfy-- enough + to make  使滿意
 
scop-- to look  看
(1) telescope-- far + to look  望遠鏡
 
sent, sens-- to feel  感覺
(1) consent-- together + feeling  同意                (2) sentiment-- to feel + n.  情緒
 
sol-- sun  太陽
(1) solar-- sun + adj.  和太陽有關的
 
soph-- wise  智慧的
(1) sophomore-- wise + foolish  大學二年級學生
 
tempor-- time  時間
(1) temporary-- 臨時的
 
ten, tin, tain-- to hold  拿
(1) retain-- back + to hold  保留
 
terr-- earth  地;地球
(1) territory-- earth + n.  領土
 
the, theo-- god  神
(1) enthusiasm-- in + god + n.  狂熱                   (2) theology-- god + study of  宗教學
 
therm-- heat  熱
(1) thermos-- 熱水瓶
  
tom-- to cut  切
(1) anatomy-- up + to cut  解剖學                                  (2) atom-- not + to cut  原子
 
trans-- across  穿過
(1) transcend-- across + to climb  超越             (2) transfusion-- across + to pour + n.  輸血
 
tri-- three  三
(1) tripod-- three + foot  三腳架                        (2) trivia-- three + way  瑣事
 
uni-- one  一
(1) uniform-- one + form  制服                      (2) unique-- one + adj.  獨一無二的
 
urb-- city  城市
(1) suburb-- near + city  郊區                          (2) urban-- city + adj.  都市的
 
ven-- to come  來
(1) convent-- together + to come  修道院                (2) event-- out + to come  結果
 
verb-- word  字
(1) verbatim-- 逐字地
 
via-- way  道路
(1) deviate-- away + way + v.  脫離常軌
 
vid, vis-- to see  看
(1) visor-- 面甲
 
viv-- alive, life  活的;生命
(1) survive-- over + alive  生還                       (2) vivid-- 生動的
 
vol-- to wish, to will  希望;意志
(1) volunteer-- to wish + person  志願者
 
參考書目:英文字根字彙  English Word Roots / Teresa Ferster Glazier 著 / 陳靜宜編譯 / 學習出版公司

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